GLOSSARY
Search Marketing FAQ
Concise answers to the most common questions relevant to SEO, GEO, CRO, and PPC. Filter by discipline, platform, and topic. Cortex references its corpus of platform-published best practices to draft each answer, with citations linking back to the source documents.
Showing 1921-1944 of 1947 questions
Can Google crawl and index JavaScript content?SEOGoogle+
Yes, with caveats. Google's Web Rendering Service executes JavaScript and indexes the rendered DOM. Caveat: rendering happens in two-stage process (first pass: HTML; second pass: JS-rendered content). Two-stage delay can be days. Other search engines (Bing, AI engines) less reliable at JS rendering. Best practice: server-side rendering (SSR) or static generation for SEO-critical content.
in JavaScript SEO & Log Analysis
What JavaScript SEO issues commonly hurt indexing?SEOGoogleAnalytics & TrackingIndexingCrawl EfficiencySite ArchitectureImage OptimizationRobots.txt+
Six common issues. Critical content only available after JS execution (slow indexing). Links not as <a href> tags (Google may not crawl). Blocking Googlebot from JS files in robots.txt (page renders blank). Heavy JavaScript blocking first paint (rendering timeouts). Client-side routing without proper URL structure. Lazy loading critical content. Test JS rendering with GSC URL Inspection + Mobile-Friendly Test.
in JavaScript SEO & Log Analysis
Why is log file analysis useful for technical SEO?SEOGoogleAnalytics & TrackingCrawl Efficiency+
Five insights from server logs. Which URLs Googlebot crawls + frequency. Which URLs return errors (5xx, 4xx) to Googlebot. Crawl budget allocation (where Google spends time). Crawl frequency by URL (signals importance). Bot vs user traffic separation. Log analysis reveals what Googlebot actually does, not what GSC reports (which is sampled). Critical for large sites + diagnosing indexing issues.
in JavaScript SEO & Log Analysis
How do I identify crawl issues from server logs?SEOGoogleAnalytics & TrackingInternal LinkingSitemaps+
Three-step process. Aggregate logs by URL + status code + bot. Identify high-error URLs (4xx, 5xx). Identify orphan URLs (Google crawling URLs not in sitemap or internal links). Use Screaming Frog Log File Analyzer, ELK Stack, or custom scripts. Cross-reference log data with GSC + crawl results. Log analysis is the gold standard for understanding bot behavior.
in JavaScript SEO & Log Analysis
Which technical SEO issues should I fix first?SEOPage Speed / Core Web VitalsIndexingInternal LinkingMobile OptimizationCanonical TagsRobots.txt+
Six priority categories. Crawlability blockers (robots.txt errors, server errors, JS rendering issues). Indexability issues (noindex on important pages, canonical errors). Site speed (Core Web Vitals failures). Duplicate content. Internal linking gaps. Mobile usability. Fix in order - crawlability blockers cascade. A noindex on homepage outranks every other issue.
in JavaScript SEO & Log Analysis
How often should a technical SEO audit be performed?SEOPage Speed / Core Web VitalsStructured Data / SchemaAnalytics & Tracking+
Three cadences. Quarterly: full audit (crawl, GSC review, log analysis). Monthly: monitoring + spot fixes. Continuously: post-deploy automated checks (CI/CD integration with Lighthouse, schema validation). Plus: ad-hoc audits after major site changes (redesigns, migrations, platform changes). Mature sites build technical SEO into DevOps pipeline, not just quarterly reviews.
in JavaScript SEO & Log Analysis
How do you assess site architecture during an audit?SEOStructured Data / SchemaSite ArchitectureInternal Linking+
Five-step assessment. Crawl site with ScreamingFrog to see URL structure + depth. Map internal linking patterns. Identify orphan pages (no internal links). Measure click depth from homepage to important pages. Check breadcrumb implementation. Architecture should be: shallow (max 3-4 clicks deep), logical hierarchy, strong internal linking. Audit reveals problems: deep nesting, orphan pages, weak linking.
in Site Architecture & Mobile
What makes a site architecture SEO-friendly?SEOStructured Data / SchemaSite ArchitectureInternal LinkingSitemaps+
Five elements. Shallow depth (max 3-4 levels from homepage). Logical URL structure reflecting hierarchy. Strong internal linking between related pages. Breadcrumb navigation. XML sitemap reflecting architecture. Important pages within 2-3 clicks of homepage. Architecture compounds: well-architected sites benefit from every link added; poorly-architected sites struggle no matter what.
in Site Architecture & Mobile
How do internal links affect crawlability and rankings?SEOGoogleLink BuildingInternal Linking+
Three impacts. Crawlability: Google discovers pages via links. Pages with few/no internal links may not be crawled. Ranking signals: internal links pass PageRank between pages (anchor text + link equity). User signals: well-linked pages get more user engagement. Internal linking is undervalued by most sites - typically the highest-impact technical SEO improvement available.
in Site Architecture & Mobile
How can I find broken internal links?SEOLink BuildingCrawl EfficiencyInternal Linking+
Two tools. ScreamingFrog crawl: 'Internal' tab with status code filter (4xx, 5xx). Ahrefs Site Audit: 'Broken internal links' report. Fix: update link target URL or remove the link. Run monthly - new broken links accumulate as content changes. Each broken link wastes crawl budget + creates dead-end user experiences.
in Site Architecture & Mobile
What is orphan content, and why is it a problem?SEOInternal LinkingSitemaps+
Pages with no internal links pointing to them. Problems: bots can't discover them efficiently (only via sitemap), no link equity flows in, signal weakness in eyes of search engines. Find with: ScreamingFrog crawl comparison against sitemap (URLs in sitemap not in crawl = orphans). Fix: add internal links from related pages. Most sites have 10-30% orphan content.
in Site Architecture & Mobile
How deep should important pages be in the site hierarchy?SEOInternal Linking+
Maximum 3-4 clicks from homepage for important pages. Each click level deeper = less link equity + harder discovery. Top revenue pages (products, key services) should be 2-3 clicks. Long-tail content can be deeper. Mature sites use hub-and-spoke architecture: homepage → category → subcategory → product (max 4 levels). Avoid 7-10 level deep hierarchies.
in Site Architecture & Mobile
How do you identify crawl waste on a website?SEOAnalytics & TrackingIndexingCrawl EfficiencyRobots.txt+
Five sources of crawl waste. Filter/parameter URLs (color, size, sort variations). Internal search results. Admin URLs accidentally indexed. Faceted navigation explosion. Old/dead URLs returning soft 404s. Identify via GSC Crawl Stats + log file analysis. Fix: block in robots.txt, add canonicals, or noindex. Crawl waste reduces budget available for important pages.
in Site Architecture & Mobile
What is faceted navigation, and why can it cause SEO issues?SEOIndexingCanonical TagsRobots.txt+
Filter-based product navigation (?color=red&size=M&brand=nike). Each filter combination = unique URL. Problems: massive URL explosion (100 products × 10 filters = 1000+ URLs), thin content variants, duplicate content. Industry pattern: index a few high-value filter combinations (color), noindex the rest. Use canonicals + robots.txt + noindex strategically.
in Site Architecture & Mobile
How do you control indexing for faceted navigation pages?SEOIndexingRobots.txt+
Four-tier strategy. Index high-volume search-targeted filters (e.g., 'red dresses' = real demand). Canonicalize secondary filters back to main category. Noindex low-value combinations (no search demand). Block parameters in robots.txt for purely-internal filters. Sophisticated faceted nav requires SEO planning - default implementations create thousands of duplicate/thin pages.
in Site Architecture & Mobile
What is pagination, and how does it impact SEO?SEOGoogleCrawl Efficiency+
Multi-page content series (page 1, page 2, page 3 of blog or product list). SEO concerns: which page should rank? Duplicate similar content across pages. Crawl budget on long lists. Modern approach: self-canonicalize each page (don't canonical to page 1). Use rel='next/prev' deprecated by Google but still helpful as user signal. Ensure paginated pages are crawlable + indexable when valuable.
in Site Architecture & Mobile
Should paginated pages be indexed or canonicalized?SEOIndexing+
Index if pages have unique value (different product listings on each page). Self-canonicalize each page to itself (page 2 canonicals to page 2). Don't canonical all pages to page 1 (loses crawl access to deeper pages). For thin pagination (same products with sort changes), canonical to page 1 OR noindex pages 2+. Audit pagination strategy per template.
in Site Architecture & Mobile
How do you audit canonical tags for duplicates and parameters?SEOIndexingCanonical Tags+
Three-step audit. Crawl site with ScreamingFrog. Filter for 'Canonical' tab. Check: every indexable page has a canonical, canonicals point to indexable URLs, no canonical chains (canonical to URL that canonicals elsewhere), no canonicals to noindex pages. Fix systematically. Canonical errors silently fragment ranking signals across duplicates.
in Site Architecture & Mobile
What is mobile-first indexing?SEOGooglePage Speed / Core Web VitalsMobile Optimization+
Google primarily uses the mobile version of your site for indexing and ranking, even for desktop searches. Implemented 2018, fully rolled out 2023. Implications: mobile version must contain all content (no hidden-on-mobile content), mobile usability is critical, mobile page speed determines ranking signal. Most sites are mobile-first ready by default with responsive design. Audit anyway.
in Site Architecture & Mobile
How do you check whether a site is mobile-first ready?SEOPage Speed / Core Web VitalsStructured Data / SchemaAnalytics & TrackingIndexingInternal LinkingMobile Optimization+
Five checks. GSC Mobile Usability report (no errors). Compare mobile vs desktop content (no hidden on mobile). Compare mobile vs desktop structured data (must match). Compare mobile vs desktop internal linking (must match). Page speed acceptable on mobile (Core Web Vitals passing). Use GSC URL Inspection in mobile view. Most issues come from desktop-only content or different structured data.
in Site Architecture & Mobile
What mobile usability issues most often hurt SEO?SEOAnalytics & TrackingMobile Optimization+
Six mobile usability issues. Tap targets too small (under 44px). Text too small to read. Content wider than screen (horizontal scroll). Viewport not configured (no meta viewport tag). Slow load on mobile networks. Intrusive interstitials (pop-ups blocking content). All affect mobile experience + ranking. GSC reports specific URLs failing each. Fix systematically.
in Site Architecture & Mobile
How do Core Web Vitals factor into technical SEO audits?SEOContent StrategyPage Speed / Core Web Vitals+
Critical input. LCP, INP, CLS are ranking factors and conversion factors. Audit by template (product page, blog post, homepage, cart). Use PageSpeed Insights field data (CrUX) for ranking impact, lab data for diagnosis. Track CWV by template + by device. Fix highest-traffic templates with worst metrics first. CWV improvements compound across thousands of pages on a template.
in Site Architecture & Mobile
What structured data should be checked in a technical audit?SEOStructured Data / SchemaAnalytics & TrackingSERP Features+
Six categories. Article/BlogPosting on blog content. Product on product pages. Organization + Person on About + author pages. LocalBusiness on local business pages. FAQPage where applicable. BreadcrumbList sitewide. Validate via Rich Results Test on samples. Check GSC Enhancement reports for errors. Schema is high-leverage; audit during quarterly technical reviews.
in Site Architecture & Mobile
How do you find structured data crawl or validation errors?SEOGoogleStructured Data / SchemaAnalytics & TrackingSERP Features+
Three tools. Google Search Console → Enhancements reports (per schema type: errors, warnings). Rich Results Test on specific URLs. Schema.org Validator (validator.schema.org) for spec compliance. SDTT or ScreamingFrog batch testing for site-wide coverage. Errors block rich result eligibility; warnings reduce eligibility. Fix errors first; address warnings opportunistically.
in Site Architecture & Mobile